Lokal verwaltete Naturschutzgebiete als Strategie zur Revitalisierung indigener politischer Kulturen in Kanada. Das Beispiel Masko Cimakanic Aski

Abstract

Locally Governed Nature Reserves as a Strategy for Revitalisation of Indigenous political Cultures – the Case of Masko Cimakanic Aski

Conservation parks and other protected areas have long been part of a colonial arsenal that have dispossessed Indigenous peoples of their lands and imposed visions of natural resource management often incompatible with local cosmovisions. This article proposes that protected areas can also, in a reversal of perspective, be used as a tool for decolonisation, to secure land in order to (1) protect the land from extractive industries and (2) allow for a revitalisation of traditional political cultures and resource management practices. Some Canadian First Nations are indeed attempting to put into practice an Indigenous territoriality with the help of protected areas. There exists, therefore, a dialogue between an approach of radical rejection of colonial structures, such as protected areas, and a pragmatic one mobilising these tools of the colonial society to meet further goals, such as redefining and revitalizing Indigenous political systems. This paper explores the case of the Wemotaci Iriniwok (Québec, Canada), for whom the creation of a protected area allows for a refocusing of the connection to the land towards an endogenous value system, in order to stimulate political innovation. Specifically, the Wemotaci Iriniwok capacity to experiment with political institutions through the management of a protected area is examined.